The Venerable Hopkins BADNALL (1821-1892)

Name:	Hopkins BADNALL
Sex:	Male
Name Prefix:	The Venerable
Nickname:	Hops
Father:	Richard BADNALL (1797-1839)
Mother:	Sarah HAND (1799-1886)

Individual Events and Attributes

Occupation		Archdeacon of Cape Town, Vicar General of Capetown
Birth	12 Sep 1821	Leek, Staffordshire
Christening	24 Sep 1822	St. Edwards Leek, Staffs.
Curate in Stockton-on-Tees	1845	Stockton-on-Tees
Accompany Bishop Gray as Domestic Chaplain to South Africa	1847	South Africa
Rector of Goldsborough	1855
Rector of Cawthorne	1857
Vicar of Fishlake	1886
Death	27 Sep 1892	19 Randolf Rd., Maida Vale, London
Burial	1 Oct 1892	Family Vault, Leek, Staffs.
Education		Durham University, BA, MA1851, DD1870,

Additional Information

Curate in Stockton-on-Tees	Curate to Bishop Gray, whom he subsequently accompanied to South Africa. This was Hopkins' first position. The date is approximate.
Accompany Bishop Gray as Domestic Chaplain to South Africa	Read Bishop Gray's account of his trip, which also refers to Hopkins several times.
Rector of Goldsborough	1855-1857
Rector of Cawthorne	1857-1862
Vicar of Fishlake	1886-1888. The job finished with his death.
Burial	Buried by J.H.Thomas, Vicar of Stillington

Marriage

Spouse	Sarah Elizabeth OWEN-SMITH (1839-1903)
Children	Herbert Owen BADNALL (1854-1938)
	Blanche Elizabeth BADNALL (1856-1872)
	Florence May BADNALL (1858-1941)
	Alice BADNALL (1860-1939)
	Gertrude BADNALL (1862-1950)
	Reginald Beaumont BADNALL (1864-1939)
	Ethel Mary BADNALL (1868?-1940)
	Lancelot Wykeham BADNALL (1871-1953)
	Evelyn Elizabeth BADNALL (1873-1944)
Marriage	27 Feb 1854	St. Mary's Cathedral, Port Elizabeth

Individual Note 3

A MAN AND HIS WORK: THE UNIVERSITY'S THIRD VICE-CHANCELLOR

M. Boucher

 

This is our centenary year and although the University of South Africa cannot rival some of Europe's famous universities in antiquity, it has at least reached a respectable old age. It has achieved this against heavy odds. Threatened with extinction on several occasions, it has changed its name once and its function twice. It has migrated from one city to another far distant and has fixed its plate to the doors of many properties, sometimes with the pride of ownership, but more often as a lodger. It bears so little resemblance now to the university of an earlier day that those who knew it when it was young would be surprised indeed to see the fine new building on Muckleneuk Ridge in Pretoria and to inspect the work carried on within its walls. Yet the continuity is there, for when the University of South Africa opened its administrative offices in Somerset House, Vermeulen Street for the first time on April 2, 1918, it did so as heir to the traditions, the assets, the charter and the arms of the University of the Cape of Good Hope which had preceded it.

 

Our ancestor in Cape Town was British in concept and in constitution, English in language and very much a child of its times. It was modelled upon the early University of London, whose influence came to be felt in the Victorian era from Ireland to India and from Canada to New Zealand. From today's standpoint, it was therefore only half a university. Its hired inquisitors asked many questions, but it paid no instructors to provide the candidates for its examinations with the knowledge necessary to answer them. It was, in short, an examining, but not a teaching university.

 

Nevertheless, the University of the Cape of Good Hope was a notable step forward in the history of South African higher education and in the forty-five years of its existence, gave many thousands of men and women the chance to obtain graduate qualifications in their homeland. This is a fitting moment to look back to our first beginnings and to call to mind the lives and labours of those who guided the fortunes of the university in its infancy.

 

Three Chancellors, three Vice-Chancellors and the Registrar, James Cameron, were appointed in the first twelve years of our history. All were active in other fields and only of Cameron can it be said that his work for the university is his chief claim to fame. The son of a Scottish missionary, he was born on the island of Madagascar and came to South Africa as a child. A minister in the Congregational Church and professor at the South African College, he held the post of Registrar of the University of the Cape of Good Hope from 1873 until his retirement in 1895. He was also Secretary of Convocation between 1873 and 1876.

 

The Chancellors were all then living in the United Kingdom. The first of them, William Porter, was an Irishman from Ulster. Titular head of the university from 1876 until 1880, he had played an important part in colonial government at the Cape and had helped to create the examining institution of which he became a member of Council. His successors, the late Governor, Sir Bartle Frere (1880-1884), and the former Secretary of State for the Colonies, the Earl of Caernarvon (1884-1890), made their names in the wider sphere of imperial affairs.

 

Of the first three Vice-Chancellors, one performed outstanding services for the University of the Cape of Good Hope. Langham Dale, later Sir Langham, was born in the English county of Hampshire. He came to South Africa as a professor at the South African College and was chosen as Vice-Chancellor of the university at the inaugural meeting of Council on September 1, 1873. He retained that office, with two brief interludes, until 1889. Dale remained a member of the governing body until 1892 and was elected Chancellor in 1890, a position he occupied until his death eight years later. It was, however, as Superintendent General of Education for the Cape Colony that he made his greatest impact. The firm hold which the university, through its examinations, came to have on colonial education at all levels was largely the result of his policies.

 

Charles Abercrombie Smith from Kincardineshire in Scotland was elected Vice-Chancellor for the period 1877-1879. He, too, was to enjoy a long connection with the University of the Cape of Good Hope. As Sir Charles Abercrombie, he served again as Vice-Chancellor from 1905 until 1911, before retiring from Council in 1916. Both he and the Registrar, Cameron, were awarded honorary doctorates by a grateful university. Smith's interests were by no means confined to higher education and he was for many years prominent in the Cape administration.

 

The third Vice-Chancellor is, perhaps, the forgotten man of the early years and his career deserves to be better known. The life story of the Venerable Hopkins Badnall begins in the little Staffordshire town of Leek, which lies in the attractive Churnet Valley on the western edge of England's Peak District. Hopkins was born on September 21, 1821, the second son of Richard Badnall (1797-1839) and his wife Sarah, the daughter of a Uttoxeter solicitor, Isaac Hand. The child was christened in the parish church three days after his first birthday and was given the maiden name of his paternal grandmother, Harriet Badnall, who had died in 1819. His father was a prosperous silk manufacturer, a local trade in which the Badnalls had been engaged for several generations.

 

Hopkins spent his childhood in the family home, where he received his early education, but later continued his studies under the tuition of his uncle, the Rev. William Badnall of Wavertree, Liverpool. At the age of twenty, he entered the University of Durham, an institution which had been founded not many years before by the Church of England. He proved himself to be a sound scholar, winning several awards and graduating as a B.A. in classical and general literature in 1844. He was elected a Van Mildert Scholar for his academic achievements and suitability as a divinity student.

 

Hopkins Badnall obtained a Licentiate in Theology in 1845 and also became a Fellow of University College. In 1851, after he had left the university, he was awarded his M.A. and eleven years later, he gained a doctorate in divinity by diploma. The young man was ordained deacon in 1845 and priest in the following year. His career in the Anglican Church began with his acceptance of a curacy under the Rev. Robert Gray in the industrial town of Stockton-on-Tees, County Durham.

 

It was late in 1846 that Angela Georgina Burdett-Coutts, the great Victorian philanthropist and friend of the novelist, Charles Dickens, made a substantial donation to the Colonial Bishoprics Fund for the endowment of two new sees. One of these was to be at the Cape of Good Hope and in June, 1847, Gray was consecrated Bishop of Cape Town in Westminster Abbey, London. Hopkins Badnall joined the new Bishop's party as his domestic and examining chaplain and on December 20 sailed from Portsmouth in the "Persia", bound for Madeira, the Cape and Ceylon. The long voyage ended for the newcomers to South Africa on Sunday, February 20, 1848, when the small vessel cast anchor in Table Bay. The first phase of Hopkins Badnall's connection with South Africa had begun.

 

He took up residence at Protea, later known as Bishopscourt, the home of Robert and Sophia Gray, and officiated at Claremont, where a small church was eventually built. He does not seem to have been popular among the clergy at this period, but his position as chaplain to a Bishop intent upon rousing a somnolent church was a difficult one. Nor was he entirely successful in another field to which he was introduced as a result of Gray's zeal.

 

It had long been the dream of Anglicans at the Cape to found a school which would be a counterpoise to the undenominational South African College, established in Cape Town in 1829. The new Bishop was determined to make this a reality and in 1849, opened the Diocesan Collegiate School on the Protea estate. A brilliant scholar from Winchester and Oxford, Henry Master White, who had come out to the Cape to work for Gray at his own expense, was appointed Principal; Hopkins Badnall added to his other duties that of Vice-Principal. The two men had strikingly similar careers. White, a future Archdeacon of Grahamstown, was also to serve upon the university Council in Badnall's time. His death followed closely upon that of his old colleague.

 

The school, soon to move to Woodlands, was very small, for the arrival of two little boys in August, 1849, only brought the total number of pupils to nine. It was a modest start for the Diocesan College of today. Two future members of the university Council were boarders there: John X. Merriman, the politician, and John Espin, later to distinguish himself in the church and as Headmaster of St Andrew's College, Grahamstown. Another pupil was W.H. Ross, who became the medical superintendent on Robben Island. Both Espin and Ross have left recollections of those days which suggest that Badnall did not endear himself to the young as a teacher. While the school remained at Protea, he used to take the senior class for an hour each morning; after the move to Woodlands, he rode over for lessons twice weekly. "The young fellows", Canon Espin recalled, "dreaded his coming since he appeared to them to be lacking in sympathy", while Dr Ross remembered his nickname, "Carker", and the brilliant glitter of his teeth as he smiled a cold, conventional smile! Yet to leave that impression is to do Hopkins Badnall an injustice. John Espin came to know him better on many an adventurous mountain climbing expedition and grew to love him well. Gray found him gentle and considerate and there is eloquent testimony of the affection in which he was held by his parishioners from Claremont days onward.

 

The increasing burden of church duties compelled Badnall to resign as Vice-Principal in 1853. In February of the following year, he married Sarah Elizabeth, the daughter of a Port Elizabeth merchant, John Owen Smith. Sarah died in London on December 7, 1903, at the age of 70. Two of their three sons, Herbert and Reginald, passed the Law Certificate examination of the University of the Cape of Good Hope. Herbert, who died in 1938, became Magistrate at George in the Cape. The other son, Lancelot, was a prominent sportsman. He was born in 1871 and attended Durham School in England. The Badnalls had five daughters, the youngest of whom, Evelyn Elizabeth, married Captain Frank Leonard Northcott of the Norfolk Regiment at St Mary Abbot's Church, Kensington, London, in June, 1898. It is interesting to record that Hopkins Badnall's granddaughter, Mrs E. Hancock of Rosebank, Cape Town, has recently presented her grandfather's papers to the muniment-room of St George's Cathedral in the Mother City.

 

Soon after his marriage, Badnall decided to return to England, where he laboured for a number of years in the West Riding of Yorkshire, first as Rector of Goldsborough and then as curate in charge of the parish of Cawthome. He retained his connection with the Cape as the Bishop's commissary, however, and was in frequent demand as a speaker and preacher on missions. He had great gifts as an orator, sufficient to gain him the praise of the eminent Cape parliamentarian, Saul Solomon. In 1862, the Grays visited England and the Bishop was able to persuade his former chaplain to return to the colony. The Archdeacon of George, Thomas Earle Welby, had been elevated to the St Helena see and Hopkins Badnall was appointed in his place. He left his homeland for the second time in October, 1862, to take up his new duties.

 

Now began his period of greatest usefulness in the life of the church in South Africa, in the course of which he was able to display his learning as a theologian and his ability as an ecclesiastical jurist. The Badnalls seem to have had a decided leaning towards the law and another of Richard's sons, William Beaumont Badnall, was a barrister of note in England and a Queen's Counsel.

 

It was in 1862 that the unorthodox views of Bishop John William Colenso of Natal caused a public sensation in Britain and the colonies alike. The Bishop of Cape Town decided to take action against him and Badnall was chosen as one of Colenso's three accusers. His colleagues in the case were the Dean of Cape Town, the Rev. Henry A. Douglas, who was later to go to India as the Bishop of Bombay, and the Archdeacon of Grahamstown, the Venerable Nathaniel J. Merriman, John's father and the future Bishop of the eastern Cape city.

 

The proceedings took place in the cathedral at Cape Town between November 16 and December 16, 1863. Badnall was the last of the accusers to speak and his lengthy indictment lasted the best part of a day and a half. The result was a foregone conclusion and Bishop Colenso was formally deposed, a judgement subsequently reversed on appeal to the Privy Council in Britain. The differences between Gray and Colenso went further than matters of doctrine and Biblical interpretation. The question of authority within the church was involved and the Colenso trial marked a significant stage in a growing split within the Anglican community.

 

Hopkins Badnall's years at George were happy ones and he had the companionship of a former associate, J.C. Davidson, who had also arrived aboard the "Persia" as the Bishop's Registrar. Davidson was then Civil Commissioner and Resident Magistrate for the district. Badnall was much liked at George and got to know his extensive archdeaconry well. He suffered, however, from lumbago and the many journeys he made, often in inclement weather, aggravated the complaint.

 

In 1869, Badnall was appointed Archdeacon of Cape Town and Rector of Rondebosch in succession to the Venerable J.H. Thomas. He was also made a Canon of the cathedral in the colonial capital. He was now a leading figure and was to be offered the Bloemfontein see, a preferment which he declined. In the course of his career he published a number of sermons, tracts and addresses and had already appeared in print on the position of the church in South Africa. He played an important part when the first Provincial Synod was held in Cape Town early in 1870 and was largely responsible for the canons which were adopted there. These, together with a constitution, mainly the work of the Bishop of Grahamstown, Henry Cotterill, brought into being the autonomous Church of the Province of South Africa, with Bishop Gray as Metropolitan. The creation of this new body emphasized further the differences in outlook among Anglicans. Many Evangelicals looked with disfavour upon the High Church views expressed within the Church of the Province; many, too, saw no reason to change the existing order of things.

Badnall was actively involved in this conflict in 1879. In that year, he presided at the trial of the Dean of Grahamstown, Frederick Henry Williams, who refused to accept the jurisdiction of the Church of the Province over the cathedral there. As in the Colenso case, a verdict against Williams by the ecclesiastical court was overruled by the civil power. Both the Cape Supreme Court in 1880 and the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council in 1882 regarded the Church of the Province and the Church of England as separate institutions in law.

 

In 1872, Badnall lost his eldest daughter and his old friend, Robert Gray. He was deeply distressed. In the long interregnum which followed the Bishop's death - again reflecting discord within the church - the Archdeacon acted as Vicar-General. He enjoyed wide support as a candidate for the vacant bishopric; Gray, too; had thought of him as a likely successor. It was not to be, however, and the Rural Dean of Oxford, William West Jones, became the second Bishop and Metropolitan. Badnall co-operated with him loyally in many fields, although they did not always agree.

Anglicans who, like Badnall, deplored schism and were prepared to compromise, felt that the surest road to unity lay in the deletion of a clause in the constitution of the Church of the Province which gave it freedom to interpret doctrine in its own way, with no outside interference. The new Bishop was opposed to any such amendment, but Badnall campaigned strenuously in his last years at the Cape for the removal of the controversial third proviso. In this, however, he was unsuccessful.

Nevertheless, his known moderation enabled him to keep his Rondebosch congregation together and gained him the full backing of those who still looked upon the parish as an integral part of the Church of England. He was greatly loved and respected there and it was through his efforts that St Paul's Church was extended and its furnishings improved.

 

A few years after he had become Archdeacon of Cape Town, the Venerable Hopkins Badnall was brought into contact with the University of the Cape of Good Hope. In those days, instruction and examination were kept strictly apart and Section IX of the Incorporation Act of 1873 prevented the governing Council from appointing active professors as examiners unless others were unobtainable. Good scholars outside the colleges were therefore much in demand and the Rector of Rondebosch soon found himself setting papers and marking scripts for degree examinations in arts. The regularity with which the same gentlemen were selected for these tasks did not escape public notice and on one occasion the examiners were referred to in the Cape press as "recurring decimals"!

 

Badnall also applied to Council for admission to a Cape M.A. on the strength of his Durham qualification at this level - degrees in divinity being at that time unobtainable from the new institution. This was common practice in the lifetime of the University of the Cape of Good Hope and gave admitted graduates a voice in the deliberations of Convocation. The Archdeacon's application was accepted when Council met in December, 1874, and he was active in the affairs of the body of graduates for a number of years. He was chosen President of Convocation in February 1881, in succession to the Chief Justice, Sir J.H. de Villiers, and held that office until October, 1882. He was assisted by the Presbyterian minister, the Rev. J.M. Russell, who was then Secretary. De Villiers had also been appointed to the first Council in 1873; Russell took part in university government at a later period.

 

At its meeting of March 17, 1875, Convocation had elected Badnall a member of the university Council in the place of another Anglican, the Rev. Canon E.C. Judge, who had recently died. In the following year, however, he took leave in England for reasons of health and was obliged to relinquish his seat. Convocation chose Professor P.D. Hahn of the South African College to succeed him.

 

Badnall's absence abroad was not a lengthy one and when the second six-yearly Council was selected in 1879, he again took his seat as a Convocation member. One of his colleagues there was Bishop West Jones, who had been nominated by the Governor, Sir Bartle Frere. It was during the life of this Council that the controversy in the Anglican Church found an echo in "University Hall" - a pretentious title for the modest accommodation the university rented in Bureau Street, Cape Town.

 

The admission in 1882 of the Durham M.A. obtained by the Rev. Dr C. Maurice Davies was hailed by the opponents of the Church of the Province as a "significant triumph of learning and letters over ... bigotry". It was also seen as an encouragement to Dean Williams of Grahamstown, for Davies was one of his clergy. The university Council found itself further enmeshed in the Anglican schism when Davies became the centre of a sordid court case in the eastern city. The Bishop of Cape Town was not silent on the whole issue and some of his remarks found a wider audience than that in the Bureau Street debating chamber. One of his comments led to a threat of legal proceedings. This brought up the question of the sanctity of Council meetings and the propriety of admitting newspaper reporters. The last suggestion was at all times strongly resisted. Not every application for the admission of degrees was accepted. In March, 1884, another Anglican, the Rev. P.J. Oliver Minos, asked for recognition of his M.A. and Ph.D. of the American Anthropological University of St Louis, Missouri. Minos was in 1883 the Headmaster of Bishop Henry B. Bousfield's school for boys in Pretoria, St Birinus', and in charge of the cathedral choir. Council, however, declined to place the certificates of a well-known degree mill on a par with Cape degrees!

 

When Council met at the end of July, 1881, Langham Dale was re-elected Vice-Chancellor for the customary two-year term. It came as something of a surprise when, in the following year, he announced his intention of resigning. He was not in good health; moreover, he was out of sympathy with the views of a recent arrival as Inspector of Education, Donald Ross. Dale also wished to resign as Superintendent General of Education, but was dissuaded by government. His quarrel with Ross grew as the new man proceeded to find fault with many aspects of education at the Cape. It must therefore have been galling indeed to him when Convocation elected Ross to fill a vacancy on the university Council! However, the antagonists only attended two meetings of Council together in January and February, 1883, for Ross died unexpectedly soon afterwards.

 

Dale's resignation as Vice-Chancellor led to the election of Hopkins Badnall as his successor. Council, in its agitation, first chose him to complete Dale's term of office only, but later realized its mistake and extended his incumbency for the statutory two years. Badnall was thus Vice-Chancellor from 1882 until 1884. The Registrar, Cameron, was absent for part of this time and his work was carried out by J.H. Brady, an Oxford graduate who was to become Dale's assistant in the Department of Education.

 

Hopkins Badnall's period as Vice-Chancellor was not marked by any great changes in university administration. The institution over which he presided was already encountering considerable hostility as a factory of certificates of all kinds, but it was unwilling to relinquish any of its examining functions. When Laura A. Robinson, Principal of All Saints' School, Wynberg, asked in 1884 whether her pupils were free to sit the Cambridge Locals, Council sprang to the defence of its own tests for schools! At undergraduate level, a new examination was first held in 1883 - the Intermediate B.A. The work of Council was growing more complex at this period and in January, 1883, the first Standing Committee was appointed.

 

An Extension Act in 1875 had tried to make the University of the Cape of Good Hope a more South African institution, but the slower rate of educational advance outside the colony and a resistance to its Englishness impeded efforts made in this direction. Vice-Chancellor Badnall did, however, exchange letters with President J.H. Brand of the Orange Free State on the subject of bursaries to students living in that country.

 

Among those who passed the various university examinations at this time were the future Reformed Church minister and professor, Marthinus Postma, who gained his M.A. in classics in 1884, and a later Cape Doctor of Science and Council member, Charles F. Juritz, who surmounted the Intermediate hurdle in its first year and was awarded an exhibition. In the Matriculation list for 1883 appears the name of John Tengo Jabavu, who earned renown as a Xhosa newspaper editor and educationist. He was only the second of his race, after S.P. Sihiali of the Congregational Church, to achieve this distinction. Jabavu laboured under difficulties, however, and only succeeded in scraping together 38 marks out of 300 in Greek! No girls graduated until after Badnall's day, but our forefathers were coming to agree that sustained mental activity was neither injurious to their health nor beyond their capabilities! Agnes Ellen Lewis passed the Intermediate examination in 1884; two years later, she would become the first woman to obtain a B.A. in South Africa. She studied privately to this end, but the colleges soon began to open their doors to girls who wished to follow in her footsteps.

 

One admitted graduate in 1883 was William Thomson of the Stellenbosch College, soon to be renamed in honour of Queen Victoria. He followed Donald Ross as a member of the university Council in that year and was to be connected with the university and its successor in this capacity and as Registrar almost without interruption until his death as Sir William Thomson in 1947.

 

Early in Badnall's term of office, the governing body lost two outstanding members, both connected with education at Stellenbosch. In September, 1882, Thomson's predecessor at the college, Professor George Gordon, died. A few months later, the death occurred of the Rev. John Murray of the Dutch Reformed (N.G.) Church seminary and Chairman of the Stellenbosch College Council. Two deaths at opposite ends of the university scale were recorded in 1884: those of the Chancellor, Sir Bartle Frere, and the Department of Education's messenger, J.W. Coskey, who looked after the Bureau Street premises.

 

Langham Dale returned as Vice-Chancellor in 1884, although Badnall remained a member of Council. He was chosen once more by Convocation in the election for the third Council of 1885, but resigned almost immediately. His health was far from good and he decided to leave the colony. Thomas Fothergill Lightfoot became Archdeacon and Canon George Ogilvie, a university Council colleague who had long been Principal of the Diocesan College, took over the Rondebosch parish. The Council vacancy caused by Badnall's departure was filled by the appointment of the Congrega-tionalist minister, the Rev. Wilberforce Buxton Philip, youngest son of the famous Scottish missionary, John Philip.

 

Badnall sailed for England in the latter part of 1885 and settled again in the West Riding as Rector of Fishlake, near Doncaster. In 1888, however, he moved to the Maida Vale district of London, where he lived in retirement. It was there, on September 27, 1892, that he died.

 

Hopkins Badnall was buried four days later in the family vault at Leek Parish Church. The opening sentences at the funeral were spoken by the Vicar of Leek, the Rev. C.B. Maude, once Rector of Kimberiey and Precentor of the cathedral in Cape Town; the Lesson was read by the Rev. S. Bond, a former Diocesan College Vice-Principal who had sat with Badnall in the Council Chamber of the University of the Cape of Good Hope; the service at the grave was conducted by Archdeacon Thomas, then Vicar of Hillingdon in Middlesex, whose place he had taken at Rondebosch. It was a last tribute to one who had devoted many years to the service of God and the cause of education in a distant land. His work should not be forgotten.

Individual Note 4

Websites giving interesting background to the work of Badnall in South Africa:

 

http://justus.anglican.org/resources/pc/africa/spg27.html (Bishop Gray's tour with Badnall as Chaplain)

http://cesa.org.za/pages/detailed_history_of_cesa.htm

http://justus.anglican.org/resources/pc/africa/za/crisp_bloem01.html

http://justus.anglican.org/resources/pc/africa/day_gray.html

http://www.absoluteastronomy.com/encyclopedia/J/Jo/John_William_Colenso.htm (Hopkins Badnall presided over the trial against Colenso)

http://trushare.com/0105Feb04/FE04COLE.htm

Individual Note 6

THE WILL OF THE VENERABLE HOPKINS BADNALL OF RONDEBOSCH

SOUTH AFRICA 1885

This is the last will and testament of Hopkins Badnall at present incumbent of Rondebosch near Capetown on Cape of Good Hope and Archdeacon of the Cape I bequeath all the furniture plate linen china glass books prints pictures wines liquors fuel consumables provisions and other household effects of which I shall die possessed unto my dear wife Sarah Elizabeth absolutely I devise all my real estate and bequeath all the residue of my personal estate to my trustees hereinafter named absolutely upon trusts as respects my real estate for my said wife Sarah Elizabeth and her assigns for her life and as respects the residue of my personal estate to convert and get in the same as soon as conveniently may be after my death and invest the monies therefrom as hereinafter mentioned and to permit my said wife to receive the annual income of my said residuary personal estate and the proceeds thereof during her life and after her death upon trust to sell my real estate and hold the proceeds of the said sale and my said residuary personal estate and the proceeds thereof for my children Herbert Owen, Reginald Beaumont, Lancelot Wykeham, Florence May, Alice, Gertrude, Ethel Mary and Evelyn Elizabeth to be divided equally between them their respective executors administrators and assigns and the respective shares of such children to be absolutely vested on my decease I empower my trustees or trustee if they or he shall think it advantageous so to do at anytime during the lifetime of my said wife with her consent in writing to sell my real estate and I direct that my trustees or trustee shall invest the money to arise from the sale thereof in the manner hereinafter mentioned and shall hold the funds or securities whereon such investments shall be made upon the trusts herein before contained concerning my residuary personal estate and the proceeds thereof I direct that all investment of trust monies to be made by my trustees or trustee shall be made in their or his names or name in or upon some one or more of the investments or securities following and those only that is to say the public funds government securities of the United Kingdom real or leasehold securities in England or Wales and not elsewhere such leaseholds having not less than 60 years unexpired at the time of the investments thereon respectively or the bonds debentures or debenture stock or guaranteed stock or shares of any railway or dock company in England authorised by special Act of Parliament and at the time of the investments thereon respectively paying dividends or in the stock or securities of the Government of India for the time being or the stock or securities whether payable to bearer or not of the Government of any British Colony or Dependency and I empower my trustees or trustee from time to time to change such investments for others of a like nature I appoint my son Herbert Owen and my son in law Maurice FitzGerald Wilson to be Trustees of this my will And I appoint my said wife and my said last named son and son in law to be Executrix and Executors of my last will Lastly I revoke all other wills In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand this ninth day of February one thousand eight hundred and eighty five.

 

H. Badnall

Signed by the said Hopkins Badnall as his last will in the presence of us present at the same time who at his request in his presence and in the presence of each other have subscribed our names as attesting witnesses Thomas Shaw solicitor Leek -- Wm. Howard Clerk to Messrs Challinor & Co. solicitors Leek.

 

This Codicil is the last will of me Hopkins Badnall of Fishlake Vicarage in the County of York, Clerk in Holy Order which will bears date the ninth day of February one thousand eight hundred and eighty five I direct that in the event of the death of my dear wife in the lifetime of her mother Elizabeth Smith the trustees of my will shall after the death of my dear wife and until the death of the said Elizabeth Smith apply the income of my real and residuary personal estate or the proceeds thereof for the maintenance and benefit of any daughters or daughter of mine who shall for the time being be spinsters or a spinster and if more than one in equal shares In so much as my son Herbert is resident at the Cape of Good Hope and I am now resident and domiciled in England I revoke the appointment of my said son Herbert as trustee and executor of my will and substitute my brother William Beaumont Badnall in his place as trustee and executor And I declare that my said will shall take effect in the same manner as if the name of the said William Beaumont Badnall had been originally inserted as a trustee and executor of my will instead o the name of my said son Herbert I confirm my said will in other respects In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand this ninth day of September one thousand eight hundred and eighty seven.

 

H. Badnall

Signed by the said Hopkins Badnall as a Codicil to his last will in the presence of us present at the same time who at his request in his presence and in the presence of each other have subscribed our names as attesting witnesses Andrew Booth coachman to Mr William Badnall ------ Mary Jane Cock maid to Mrs William Badnall.

On the 19th day of November 1892 Probate of this will with a Codicil was granted to Sarah Elizabeth Badnall widow Maurice FitzGerald Wilson and William Beaumont Badnall Esquire the Executors.

Individual Note 7

Archdeacon Hopkins Badnall was Rector of St Paul’s from 1869-1889. As in previous entries in this series here are the “Crockfords-like” entries for him. Born: Leek, Staffordshire in England, on 21 September 1821, the son of Richard Badnall, a silk manufacturer, and his wife, Sarah Hand. Educated: privately by his uncle, the Revd William Badnall; and at University College, Durham (BA, 1844; Fellow, 1845-1847; MA, 1851; DD, by diploma, 1862; member of convocation). Married: 1854, to Sarah Elizabeth Smith, the daughter of John Owen Smith of Port Elizabeth. [She died in London on 7 December 1903.] Ordained: Deacon, 1845, and Priest, 1846, by the Bishop of Durham. Career: Curate of Stockton-on-Tees, in the diocese of Durham, 1845-1847. Domestic and Examining Chaplain to the Bishop, the Rt. Revd Robert Gray (1847- 1854); Priest-in-charge of Claremont (licensed 4 August 1848; served until 1854); Commissary of the Bishop of Cape Town for the Western Province of the Colony of the Cape of Good Hope (February 1849); first Vice-Principal, Diocesan Collegiate School (later the Diocesan College, or "Bishops") (from 15 March 1849; served until 1854), all in the diocese of Cape Town. Returned to England, 21 April 1854. Rector of Goldsborough (1855-1857); and Curate in charge of Cawthome (1857- 1862), both in the diocese of Ripon. Sailed for the Cape, October 1862. Rector of St. Mark's, George, and Archdeacon of George (appointed, June 1862; instituted 30 April 1863, served until 1869); Canon of St. George's Cathedral; Colonial Chaplain (appointed 1 June 1869; served until 1885), and Rector of St. Paul's, Rondebosch;

 

Historical Notes: The Venerable Archdeacon Hopkins Badnall, DD

PAGE 3 C A R I T A S VOLUME 2007 ISSUE 14 Archdeacon of the Cape (1869-1885); and Vicar-General (1872-1874; and 1878), all in the diocese of Cape Town. Examiner in Arts, Member of Council (1875-1876 and 1879-1885), President of Convocation (1881- 1882), and Vice-Chancellor (1882- 1884), University of the Cape of Good Hope. He returned to England in 1885. Vicar of Fishlake, in the diocese of York, 1886-1888. Author of several publications, including Christ's Kingdom Not of this World ... a Sermon (1865), The Proposed Changes in the Law of Marriage (1872), and Sermon Preached ... in Loving Memory of Robert, first Bishop of Cape Town, and Metropolitan, Now Entered into Rest (1872). Died: London, on 27 September 1892, and was buried in his b i r t h p l a c e , L e e k i n Staffordshire, on 1 October 1892. William de Villiers in his b o o k Me s s e n g e r s , Watchmen and Stewards also adds some comments from other authors such R R Langham Carter who said: "Bishop Gray thought highly of him, calling him a thorough and sober Christian, gentle, fairminded, considerate, patient and courteous" What I find more scary is the report by Bp Michael Nuttall on the 1883 Synod: "It is ironical that in the year of Colenso's death (1883), a man who had been one of Gray's most enthusiastic supporters and had been one of those to delate Colenso for heresy, should now take the leading part in an attempt to expunge the T h i r d P r o v i s o * f r om t h e Constitution. ... Hopkins Badnall, Archdeacon of the Cape, was a person learned in the canon law. In moving the expunction of the Third Proviso*, he expressed his conviction that it had been included in the Constitution 'without any idea of the results now assigned to it', and that it had thrust the Church of the Province into a premature independence which 'would tend to isolation'. Throughout the afternoon session [of the Provincial Synod] of Wednesday, 31st January and for most of the morning session next day, Badnall argued his case. It was a speech lasting five hours. His main opponent was the Metropolitan himself. Gray's successor, William West Jones, who spoke on the subject for only three hours. The debate continued for three and a half days, with both clergy and laity participating ... . Eventually, Badnall's motion was lost in the house of the laity, by three votes to eight, and it is certain that if it had been put in the houses of clergy and bishops it would have been defeated there as well" I hope no-one at our Diocesan Synod decides to give a five-hour long speech!

 

* The Constitution of the Church of the Province of South Africa (now the Anglican Church of Southern Africa) accepted the standards of faith and doctrine as set out by the Church of England but with three provisos. Third Proviso states: “Provided that in the interpretation of the aforesaid standards and formularies the Church of this Province be not held to be bound by decisions, in questions of faith and doctrine, other than those of its own Ecclesiastical Tribunals, or such other Tribunals as may be accepted by the Provincial Synod as a Tribunal of Appeal.”This obviously enables the Church in South Africa to disagree with the decisions on interpretation made by the Church of England. Thus giving a more independent voice to the Province.

Individual Note 8

WESTERN AUSTRALIA A HISTORY FROM ITS DISCOVERY TO THE INAUGURATION OF THE COMMONWEALTH

BY

J.S. BATTYE, LITT.D.

PUBLIC LIBRARIAN OF WESTERN AUSTRALIA.

OXFORD AT THE CLARENDON PRESS 1924.

 

(***Footnote. Note. Two other proposals for emigration on a large scale were laid before the Colonial Office during the early years of the settlement: one made in May 1829 by Richard Badnall (Badnall to Twiss 29 May 1829 New South Wales volume 207) and a second by Edward Merrell in December 1832 (Merrell to Hay 19 December 1832 Swan River Papers volume 11). Neither of these proposals appear to have gone beyond the tentative stage.)

 

1817 to 1822:

Lieutenant King's survey voyages on the North-West coast.

 

1826:

Occupancy of King George's Sound by convicts from Sydney under Major Lockyer.

 

1827:

Examination of Swan River by Captain Stirling in H.M.S. Success.

 

1828:

Syndicate formed in London for colonisation of Swan River.

Decision of British Government to found colony.

Captain Fremantle in H.M.S. Challenger dispatched to take formal possession of Swan River.

Captain Stirling appointed Lieutenant-Governor.

 

1829:

February. Parmelia leaves England with officials and first settlers.

May. Formal possession taken by Captain Fremantle.

Act 10 George IV ch.22, authorising establishment of Legislative Council.

June. Arrival of Parmelia. Proclamation of colony.

August. Foundation of Perth and Fremantle.

 

1830:

Legislative Council constituted by Order in Council.

Executive Council constituted by Instructions under Sign Manual.

Individual Note 9

1814 Jan 24

1827 Jul 10

 

 

Born St Austell, Cornwall, England

Baptised into the Church of England St Austell, Cornwall, England

 

1832 - 1844

 

 

John Colenso attended St John's College, Cambridge 1832 -1836 and shortly after graduating was elected into a Fellowship and taught at Harrow. He attended a sermon by Samuel Wilberforce and was influenced by the idea of missionary work

He took up a College in Norfolk in preference to a better paid position in Putney and served as vicar at Forncett St Mary from 1844

 

1846 - 1852

 

 

John Colenso married Sarah Frances Bunyan in London. Frances Emily Colenso was born in 1847 (later called Harriet) followed by Frances Ellen Colenso born in 1849. Their eldest son Robert John Colenso was born in 1850 followed by Francis Ernest Colenso who was born in 1852 (In the photograph the boy at the back - the baby is John Eric son of Robert)

 

1852 - 1858

 

 

John Colenso was offered the position of Bishop of Natal. He arrived in Natal as Bishop in the January of 1854 and was horrified at the way the Zulu people were being treated. He returned to England 1855 for some months unsure if he was able to deal with the situation. Believing in the end that it was God's will, he returned to Natal and in time became fluent in Zulu and developed a profound sympathy for the people he served. The youngest child Agnes Mary Colenso was born in 1855 at Pietermaritzburg

 

1859 - 1862

 

 

Controversy arose by his stand on polygamy and other issues

He published a grammar book of the Zulu language as well as a Zulu - English dictionary. He also published manuals of instruction for the Zulus on history, astronomy, geography and other subjects.

A commentary on St Paul's Epistle to the Romans published by Colenso was declared full of heresies by Bishop Gray of Capetown

Colenso published a critical examination of the Pentateuch which is when his radical theology caused a controversy that shook the Anglican Church in Natal, raising constitutional as well as doctrinal issues. Bishop Gray claimed the right to exercise coercive jurisdiction over Bishop Colenso by both trying and condemning him

 

1863 - 1875

 

 

Bishop Gray pronounced a sentence of deposition followed by Colenso's excommunication

Colenso returned to England and appealed to the crown with the result that the judicial committee of privy council declared the whole of Bishop Gray's proceedings null and void

Colenso returned to Natal as the legal Bishop although some leading Societies chose to regard him as deposed

In general, friendly feelings toward Colenso increased among the colonists that is until he took an unpopular stand on an issue of native trouble.

 

1883 Jun 20

 

 

John William Colenso died. His tomb is in front of the altar at St Peter's Church. which was the Bishop's Cathedral from 1857.

Individual Note 10

The Lambeth Conference had its origin in 1865 when, on 20 September, the Provincial Synod of the Church of Canada unanimously agreed to urge the Archbishop of Canterbury and the Convocation of his Province to find a means by which the bishops consecrated within the Church of England and serving overseas could be brought together for a general council to discuss issues facing them in North America, and elsewhere. Part of the background for this request was a serious dispute about the interpretation and authority of the Scriptures which had arisen in southern Africa between Robert Gray, Archbishop of Cape Town and Bishop Colenso, Bishop of Natal.

 

 

 

Notwithstanding the opposition of a significant number of the bishops in England, Archbishop Longley invited Anglican bishops to their first conference together at Lambeth Palace on 24 September, 1867, and the three following days. Seventy-six bishops finally accepted the invitation and the conference was called to order and met in the chapel of Lambeth Palace. A request to use Westminster Abbey for a service was not granted.

 

 

 

Of the seventy-six bishops attending the first Lambeth Conference the distribution was the following: England 18, Ireland 5, Scotland 6, Colonial and missionary bishops 28, United States 19.

 

 

 

It was made clear at the outset that the conference would have no authority of itself as it was not competent to make declarations or lay down definitions on points of doctrine. It did not take any effective action regarding the issues raised by Bishop Colenso but it explored many aspects of possible inter-Anglican cooperation.

Individual Note 11

Macrorie house

 

This fine Victorian museum contains furniture and relics of the early British settlers. The historic house, built about 1862, was acquired by William Macrorie, Bishop of Maritzburg from 1869 to 1891. Macrorie’s appointment followed the rebellion of Bishop John William Colenso, Bishop of Natal, who in 1861 openly challenged the doctrine of atonement and debunked the idea of eternal punishment. The schism resulted in the establishment of two church factions – Colenso’s Church of England in Natal (St Peter’s) and the Episcopal Church of the Province of South Africa (St Saviour’s), taken over by Macrorie on his arrival from England in 1869. Among the museum’s attractions is Bishop Macrorie’s miniature chapel containing the altar and reredos.

Individual Note 12

Rev, Hopkins BADNALL (M: 1821 Sep 21 - 1892 Sep 27)

The Relations Of The Church In South Africa To..England.. [n|1865]

Individual Note 13

On the last day of 1881, Mr. John Montague Stanhope came of age. There was a Parochial Tea and Gathering on Jan. 5th in connection with it, at which Archdeacon Badnall was among those present. The Archdeacon preached on the following Sunday and again on March 26th: his former visit was in August, 1876.